What are the Classifications of Rubber

Rubber can be divided into natural rubber and synthetic rubber according to its source. Natural rubber is mainly made from the coagulation and drying of latex that flows out when the rubber tree is tapped; while synthetic rubber is made through chemical synthesis.

 

Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR)

Styrene Butadiene Rubber is the most used rubber and accounts for 45% of all rubber produced. SBR is a family of copolymers made by polymerising styrene and butadiene. SBR is a relatively inexpensive and general-purpose rubber which can often be used as a good substitute for natural rubber. SBR usually has superior abrasion resistance and heat ageing properties compared to NR. However, SBR typically has less resilience and strength.

The double bond in the polymer chain makes SBR very susceptible to attack by ozone and oxygen.

 

Nitrile rubber

Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR) was the first oil-resistant synthetic rubber developed in Germany, in 1941. It was historically referred to as "Buna N" and is often simply referred to as Nitrile rubber. Nitrile is the standard rubber used in situations where oil resistance is needed.

Nitrile is a copolymer of butadiene and acrylonitrile. The butadiene component provides the elasticity of rubber. The properties of Nitrile mainly depend on the amount of acrylonitrile in the rubber compound. High amounts of acrylonitrile result in a rubber with better oil resistance. Compounds with low acrylonitrile content have a better low temperature flexibility and resilience.

The grade descriptions of Nitrile depend on the percentage of acrylonitrile present in the rubber. Rubbers with higher acrylonitrile content have greater oil and fuel resistance, tensile strength, hardness, abrasion, gas impermeability and heat resistance. High acrylonitrile content can also lead to low-temperature flexibility, resilience, and plasticiser compatibility.

 

Thermoplastic elastomers (TPES)

Thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) were developed and introduced in the 1960's. TPEs are copolymers of thermoplastics and rubber. These polymer chains are highly attracted to each other and form crosslinks as they crystallise together. These materials, therefore, behave like elastomers but have the added benefit that they do not require vulcanisation.

 

 

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